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“X Reality and the Concorde Fallacy in Education”
Dr. Bruce Wainman
February 25, 2019
Since the invention of stereoscopes in the 19th century extended (XR) in education has been dominated by extravagant promises of educational efficacy. Careful testing of the rapidly advancing field of XR anatomy over the last 9 years has shown that mixed reality and virtual reality are about as effective for learning cadaveric anatomy as pictures showing the key views of a specimen and 15-20% less effective than solid models. The superiority of the solid, physical model appears to be the result of stereopsis not, as one might expect, handling the model or the similarity between the model and the test material. So, how does one rationalize the chasm between promise and performance in XR?I believe that the huge investment required to make and market consumer-ready products and the prestige of making the “killer app” for anatomy has led to considerable sunk monetary and emotional costs which has subverted much of the rational evaluation of this technology.
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